First, the task
The dressing laboratory is an important department to guide the production of the ore dressing plant. Its basic task is to provide reasonable operating conditions, improve the beneficiation process and solve problems in production according to the changes in the ore properties of the production process, and to carry out new technologies, new processes and new agents. And experimental research work such as comprehensive recycling. Specific tasks should include the following:
(1) According to the mining plan of the mine, analyze the possible changes of the ore properties selected in each period, and study the optionality of the ore in time to provide reasonable technical operating conditions for production.
(2) Regularly and irregularly examine the production process, accumulate production materials, collect and analyze various production technical and economic indicators, and propose measures to improve the process so that the production indicators reach the optimal level.
(3) Keep abreast of new information on mineral processing technology , research new technologies, and continuously improve and innovate the beneficiation process.
(4) Develop and promote the use of new equipment, new pharmaceuticals and new materials.
(5) Investigating and analyzing the occurrence state of associated elements in ore and conducting research on comprehensive utilization.
(6) Conducting experimental research on environmental protection and “three wastes†governance and utilization.
Second, the design principle
(1) The beneficiation laboratories of all sizes should generally set up a beneficiation laboratory.
(2) The size of the laboratory should be compatible with the size of the concentrator, the nature of the ore being processed, the method of mineral processing and the complexity of the process.
(3) The beneficiation laboratory and laboratory should generally be set separately to avoid the interaction of noise, vibration, dust, acid mist and exhaust gas.
(4) The beneficiation laboratory and technical inspection station of the large and medium-sized concentrator should be set separately. The small concentrator can combine the two in the main plant of the concentrator.
(5) The beneficiation laboratory can be arranged according to the process sub-chamber, and each room should have better ventilation, dust removal, lighting, lighting, sewage and other facilities.
(6) The beneficiation laboratory should generally be located near the main plant of the concentrator, and there should be a wide field for spreading the mineral samples and stacking materials.
Third, the size and type of the laboratory
(1) Scale
The dressing laboratory can be divided into three types, large, medium and small, depending on the test task. For mining, selection and smelting joint ventures, a well-equipped central laboratory should be installed.
1. Large and medium-sized ore dressing plants with complex ore types and complex processes should be equipped with large-scale laboratory with relatively complete test facilities. Separate sample processing, microscopic identification, phase analysis, tableting, concentrated dewatering, and filtration should be provided. Drying and various beneficiation process rooms, etc., if necessary, a continuous beneficiation test device can be added.
2. For large and medium-sized concentrating plants with relatively simple ore properties, a medium-sized laboratory can be set up, and its test facilities and equipment levels are between large and small laboratories.
3. For small concentrating plants that handle simple ore selection and large and medium-sized concentrating plants that already have central laboratories in joint ventures, small laboratories can be set up with low equipment levels, generally only one or two dressings. The process room and a filter drying room, and other related equipment are placed in these rooms, and the processing, shrinking, weighing and other facilities of the sample can be shared with the technical inspection station. This laboratory is generally only a conditional test and a simple closed circuit test.
(2) Type
The dressing method of the characteristics of the metal and mineral resources currently widely used in mineral processing plant, laboratory dressing may be combined into four types.
Flotation: Testing of copper , lead , zinc , tungsten, molybdenum , nickel , mercury , antimony , iron , manganese , sulfur, phosphorus and other metal sulfide ores
Re-election, flotation, magnetic separation: undertake tungsten, tin and polymetallic colored sulfide ore; multi-metal magnets - red (Ling) iron ore, weak magnetic iron ore; multi-metal magnetite and vanadium- titanium magnetite comprehensive recovery Test
Re-election, flotation: undertaking non-ferrous metal ore such as mercury, antimony, lead, zinc, tungsten, gabbro-type apatite-containing ilmenite ore and other kinds of ore that do not need magnetic separation
Flotation, magnetic separation: undertake polymetallic iron ore; test of lead, zinc manganese carbonate, pyrite, and other various complex ore that does not require re-election
Fourth, the laboratory equipment
The equipment of the mineral processing laboratory can be identified in the design.
(1) Crushed mine: generally adopts small jaw crusher , roller crusher , disc crusher and single and double layer vibrating screen. The specifications of the crushing equipment can be determined based on the particle size of the ore and crushed products.
(2) Grinding: Generally, a conical ball mill or a cylindrical ball mill or a rod mill is used. The former is mostly used for flotation or magnetic separation test chambers, and the latter is mostly used for re-election of the test chamber.
(III) Identification of rock and mineral: The production equipment generally adopts slicer, grinding machine, polishing machine and inlaying machine. The medium and small ore dressing laboratory generally does not set these devices. Identification equipment generally uses a polarizing microscope (for transparent minerals), a reflective microscope (for opaque minerals), and a photomicrography device. Medium and small laboratories generally only have high-power stereo microscopes.
(4) Beneficiation: The ore dressing test equipment is determined according to the selection method. Commonly used equipment is:
1. Re-election generally adopts jig, centrifugal concentrator, spiral concentrator, shaker, hydraulic classifier, hydrocyclone and various chutes;
2. There are many types and specifications of flotation equipment , and it is necessary to determine the specifications and quantity according to the scale of the laboratory;
3, dry magnetic separator generally uses a single roller, a very strong magnetic separator;
4. Wet magnetic separator: For the treatment of ferromagnetic minerals, magnetic separation tube, drum magnetic separator, and dehydration tank are generally used; for weak magnetic minerals, flat ring and roller type magnetic separator are used;
5. Others: Test equipment such as electric selection, light picking, and friction selection can be added as needed.
V. Work system and capacity
The working system generally consists of 5 working days in 1 week, 1 working in the day, and 8 working hours in the class. The specific work arrangements can be determined according to the test conditions.
Sixth, the main equipment and equipment
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